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Monsoon trough
The monsoon trough is a portion of the Intertropical Convergence Zone 〔〔Bin Wang. (The Asian Monsoon. ) Retrieved on 2008-05-03.〕 as depicted by a line on a weather map showing the locations of minimum sea level pressure, and as such, is a convergence zone between the wind patterns of the southern and northern hemispheres.
Westerly monsoon winds lie in its equatorward portion while easterly trade winds exist poleward of the trough.〔World Meteorological Organization. (Severe Weather Information Centre. ) Retrieved on 2008-05-03.〕 Right along its axis, heavy rains can be found which usher in the peak of a location's respective rainy season. As it passes poleward of a location, hot and dry conditions develop. The monsoon trough plays a role in creating many of the world's rainforests.
The term "monsoon trough" is most commonly used in monsoonal regions of the Western Pacific such as Asia and Australia. The migration of the ITCZ/monsoon trough into a landmass heralds the beginning of the annual rainy season during summer months. Depressions and tropical cyclones often form in the vicinity of the monsoon trough, with each capable of producing a year's worth of rainfall in a relatively short time frame.
==Movement and strength==
Monsoon troughing in the western Pacific reaches its zenith in latitude during the late summer when the wintertime surface ridge in the opposite hemisphere is the strongest. It can reach as far as the 40th parallel in East Asia during August and the 20th parallel in Australia during February. Its poleward progression is accelerated by the onset of the summer monsoon which is characterized by the development of lower air pressure over the warmest part of the various continents.〔National Centre for Medium Range Forecasting. (Chapter-II Monsoon-2004: Onset, Advancement and Circulation Features. ) Retrieved on 2008-05-03.〕〔Australian Broadcasting Corporation. (Monsoon. ) Retrieved on 2008-05-03.〕〔Dr. Alex DeCaria. (Lesson 4 – Seasonal-mean Wind Fields. ) Retrieved on 2008-05-03.〕 In the southern hemisphere, the monsoon trough associated with the Australian monsoon reaches its most southerly latitude in February,〔 oriented along a west-northwest/east-southeast axis.
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